Scottish Terrier
The Good
- Small size perfect for Australian homes
- Excellent working characteristics and natural hunting instincts
- Courageous and brave personality
- Distinctive, eye-catching appearance
- Minimal shedding throughout the year
The Real
- Strong prey drive may lead to chasing wildlife
- Requires early socialisation with other animals
- Can be stubborn and independent-minded
- Needs consistent grooming maintenance
Gallery
Breed Overview
The Scottish Terrier, affectionately known as the "Scottie," is a compact powerhouse of personality wrapped in a distinctive shaggy coat. Standing just 25-28 cm tall but weighing up to 10.5 kg, these little dogs pack serious character into their sturdy frames. Originally bred to hunt vermin in the rugged Scottish Highlands, they've earned the nickname "Diehard" for their tenacious spirit and unwavering determination.
In Australian homes, Scotties adapt well to various living situations, from Sydney apartments to Perth suburban backyards. Their weather-resistant double coat handles our diverse climate reasonably well, though they'll appreciate a warm spot during Melbourne's chilly winters. These dogs form strong bonds with their families but maintain an almost dignified independence that sets them apart from more clingy breeds.
Don't let their size fool you - Scottish Terriers are confident watchdogs who'll alert you to visitors with their distinctive bark. They're naturally curious and intelligent, making them engaging companions for those who appreciate a dog with personality. While they're loving with their families, they're not typically lap dogs, preferring to sit beside you rather than on you. Perfect for Australian families who want a characterful companion that doesn't require constant attention but thrives on quality time and mental stimulation.
History
History
The Scottish Terrier's story begins in the misty highlands of Scotland, where these tenacious little hunters were developed to tackle the toughest vermin. Dating back to the early 1800s, they're believed to be the oldest of the Highland terrier breeds, though their exact origins remain somewhat mysterious. Some experts point to Northern Scotland as their birthplace, while others suggest the Hebridean Islands.
These working dogs lived alongside farmers and foresters, earning their keep by controlling rat and fox populations. Unlike today's pampered pets, these early Scotties were bred purely for function - they needed to be tough enough to work in harsh Scottish weather and brave enough to face badgers in their dens. The locals didn't keep breeding records; these dogs simply did their jobs and reproduced naturally.
The breed gained formal recognition when they were first shown at an English dog show in 1860. The first breed standard was published in 1881, and by 1882, dedicated breed clubs were established in both England and Scotland. The Scottish Terrier made its way to America in 1883, quickly winning hearts across the Atlantic.
Interestingly, early Scotties came in various colours, but English breeders worked hard to establish the now-iconic black coat as the breed standard. The distinctive "Scottish" grooming style we recognise today also evolved during this period, creating the characteristic beard and leg furnishings that make these dogs instantly recognisable at Australian dog parks from Bondi to Perth.
Traits & Characteristics
Scottish Terrier characteristics and temperament traits.
Caring Guide
Scottish Terriers are generally robust dogs with a 12-year average lifespan, but like many purebreds, they're prone to specific health conditions that Australian owners should understand. The most unique condition affecting Scotties is "Scottie Cramp," a genetic neurological disorder that causes muscle spasms during excitement or exercise. While it looks alarming - causing stiff walking, arched backs, and rolling - it's not painful and doesn't affect quality of life.
More serious concerns include Von Willebrand Disease, a blood clotting disorder that can cause excessive bleeding from minor wounds. Responsible Australian breeders test for this condition, so always ask for health clearances. Liver shunts, where blood bypasses the liver, can cause stunted growth and neurological symptoms requiring surgical intervention.
Cerebellar abiotrophy affects coordination, developing gradually over months or years, while hypothyroidism can cause weight gain, lethargy, and coat problems. The breed also shows higher rates of bladder and stomach cancers compared to other breeds, making regular vet checkups crucial.
Australian owners should establish relationships with vets experienced in terrier breeds and consider pet insurance given the potential for genetic conditions. Watch for symptoms like unexplained weight changes, coordination problems, or excessive bleeding from minor cuts. Many Scotties live healthy, active lives well into their senior years with proper veterinary care and attention to their unique health needs. Regular health screening and choosing reputable breeders who health test their breeding stock significantly reduces risks.
Feeding your Scottish Terrier properly is crucial for maintaining their compact, muscular build and supporting their energetic lifestyle. These small but substantial dogs do best on high-quality dog food that meets nutritional standards, with portions calculated based on their individual size, activity level, and metabolism. Most adult Scotties thrive on two meals per day rather than one large serving, which helps prevent bloat and maintains steady energy levels.
Scottish Terrier puppies need more frequent feeding - three to four meals daily - to support their rapid growth and development. Given their intelligent, food-motivated nature, many Australian owners find success using puzzle feeders and treat-dispensing toys during mealtimes. This mental stimulation prevents boredom and slows down fast eaters.
The amount varies significantly between individuals, but most adult Scotties need moderate portions due to their small size. Follow feeding guidelines on quality dog food packaging, but always consult your Australian vet for personalised advice. These dogs can be prone to weight gain, especially as they age, so monitor their body condition regularly.
Whether you choose premium commercial food or work with a canine nutritionist for a natural diet, consistency is key. Avoid frequent food changes that can upset their digestive system. Many Australian Scottie owners report success with moderate-protein diets (around 25% protein) with some added variety like quality canned food. Always ensure fresh water is available, especially during Australia's hotter months, and avoid feeding table scraps that can lead to weight gain and digestive issues.
The Scottish Terrier's distinctive double coat requires dedicated grooming to maintain its characteristic appearance and prevent matting. Their weather-resistant outer coat and soft undercoat grow continuously, necessitating professional grooming every 6-8 weeks. Many Australian owners learn basic grooming skills to manage between professional appointments, especially given the breed's specific needs.
Traditional hand-stripping maintains the coat's correct wiry texture, but many pet owners opt for clipping, which is more practical though it gradually softens the coat texture. The iconic Scottie "beard" and leg furnishings need daily attention to prevent food debris and matting. Invest in a good quality slicker brush and metal comb for regular home maintenance.
Weekly brushing prevents the formation of mats, particularly around the legs, chest, and beard areas. Pay special attention to areas where the coat is longer, as these tangle easily. During Australia's dusty seasons or after beach visits, you might need to brush more frequently to remove sand and debris.
Bathing should be done monthly or as needed, using quality dog shampoo that won't strip the coat's natural oils. Many Australian groomers specialise in terrier breeds and understand the specific requirements for achieving that classic Scottie look. Between professional grooming, trim hair around the eyes to prevent irritation and keep the beard clean after meals.
Regular nail trimming, ear cleaning, and dental care complete the grooming routine. With their active lifestyle, many Australian Scotties naturally wear down their nails, but regular checks ensure they don't become overgrown.
Scottish Terriers are intelligent dogs with an independent streak that makes training both rewarding and challenging. Their "Diehard" nickname reflects their determination - a trait that works for and against you during training sessions. Keep sessions short (15 minutes maximum), varied, and engaging to prevent boredom. These clever dogs quickly lose interest in repetitive exercises and may simply decide they've had enough.
Positive reinforcement works best with Scotties. They respond well to vocal praise and treats but can become stubborn if training becomes too forceful. Early socialisation is crucial, especially in Australian suburban environments where they'll encounter other dogs, children, and various situations. Puppy classes offered by many Australian dog training clubs provide excellent socialisation opportunities.
Exercise needs are moderate but important for maintaining their physical and mental health. Daily walks around Australian suburbs, combined with playtime in securely fenced yards, usually satisfy their requirements. Their short legs aren't built for marathon runs, but they excel at activities like agility training, nose work, and earthdog trials - sports increasingly popular in Australian dog clubs.
Their strong prey drive means they must be leashed or in secure areas when outdoors. Australian wildlife like possums or birds will trigger their hunting instincts, and they'll pursue with single-minded determination. Many owners enjoy taking their Scotties on weekend camping trips to national parks, where they can safely explore new scents on lead.
Mental stimulation is as important as physical exercise. Puzzle toys, scent work, and training challenges prevent the destructive behaviours that can emerge when these intelligent dogs become bored.
Who is an ideal owner?
Scottish Terriers suit specific types of Australian owners who appreciate their unique personality and can meet their particular needs. These dogs thrive with people who understand and respect their independent nature while providing consistent, patient guidance. They're perfect for individuals or families who want a characterful companion rather than an overly dependent pet.
Ideal owners have experience with dogs or at least understand that Scotties require firm, consistent boundaries from day one. First-time dog owners might find their stubborn streak challenging, though dedicated beginners can succeed with proper support from Australian dog training professionals. These dogs do well with singles, couples, or families with older children who understand how to interact respectfully with dogs.
Active lifestyles suit Scotties best, though they don't require extreme exercise. Australian owners who enjoy weekend bush walks, beach visits, or camping trips will find enthusiastic companions in these little terriers. They adapt well to various living situations - from Sydney apartments to rural properties - provided they receive adequate exercise and mental stimulation.
Scotties aren't suitable for owners seeking cuddly lap dogs or those wanting highly obedient, people-pleasing pets. They maintain their dignity and independence throughout their lives. Busy professionals who travel frequently should consider other breeds, as Scotties form strong home attachments and prefer routine.
The ideal Scottish Terrier owner in Australia appreciates grooming as bonding time, has patience for training challenges, and enjoys the unique personality of a dog that acts more like an equal than a subordinate. They're perfect for people who want a loyal, entertaining companion with bags of character.
Interesting facts about the Scottish Terrier
Franklin D
Roosevelt's Scottish Terrier "Fala" was so famous he received more fan mail than many presidents and even had his own Secret Service detail.
Interesting Fact
The first Scottish Terrier registered in America was named "Dake," born on September 15, 1884
President Dwight D
Eisenhower owned two Scottish Terriers named "Caacie" and "Telek".
Interesting Fact
Scottish Terriers appear on the famous "Black and White" whisky label alongside West Highland White Terriers
FAQ
With proper training and socialisation, Scottish Terriers can be excellent family dogs. They're patient with children but prefer older kids who understand how to interact respectfully with dogs. Always supervise interactions between any dog and children, and teach kids appropriate dog behaviour.
Scottish Terrier puppies typically cost between $1,500-$4,000 from reputable Australian breeders, depending on bloodline, location, and breeder reputation. Rare colours like wheaten or brindle often cost more than black Scotties.
While Scottish Terriers love their families and form strong bonds, they're not typically lap dogs. They prefer to sit beside you rather than on you, maintaining their dignified independence. They show affection in subtle ways rather than overwhelming displays of emotion.
Yes, Scottish Terriers adapt well to apartment living in Australian cities like Sydney or Melbourne, provided they receive adequate daily exercise and mental stimulation. Their small size and moderate exercise needs make them suitable for unit living.
Scottish Terriers need professional grooming every 6-8 weeks to maintain their distinctive coat and prevent matting. Between appointments, weekly brushing at home is essential, with daily attention to their beard and leg furnishings.
Scottish Terriers can live with other pets if properly socialised from puppyhood, but their strong prey drive means careful introductions are essential, especially with cats and small animals. They may be territorial with other dogs, particularly same-sex pairs.